Backgound Endometriosis is one of the commonest benign gynaecological disorders and has a peak incidence between 30 and 45 years of age. Treatment options are medical or surgical, depending on the location and extent of the disease and the woman's childbearing aspirations or need for contraception. Over the past five decades several formulations of progestogen have been used to treat endometriosis.

Methods Our study was not planned research but a series of case studies of women with severe symptoms of endometriosis treated in an innovative way with a new long-acting progestogen contraceptive system (etonogestrel subdermal implant) which could reasonably have been expected to have a favourable effect on their disease and its symptoms.

Results Five women with severe pelvic endometriosis were treated. Two of them were nulliparous and wished to become pregnant in due course; the other three had completed their childbearing and were contemplating hysterectomy. One of the five women had relief of pelvic pain but requested removal of the implant after 3 months because of side effects; the other four remained very satisfied with their treatment for the symptoms of pelvic endometriosis. Two of the four very satisfied women have had their implant replaced and the other two are expected to have their implant replaced when necessary.

Conclusion Etonogestrel subdermal implants are an additional treatment option in women with symptoms related to pelvic endometriosis.