The prevention of pelvic infection (POPI) trial was published this year with a mixed response. Although it was a large, methodologically rigorous, randomised study involving 2529 women (mean age 20.9 years) with 94% follow-up, it was underpowered and no significant benefit of a single round of screening was demonstrated at 1 year. However, although inconclusive, the results were consistent with two previous, methodologically weaker, studies which found that screening was beneficial. The authors concluded that the effectiveness of a single chlamydia test in preventing pelvic inflammatory disease …