Mother's age in years [median (IQR)] | 26.0 | (23–31) | 25.0 | (22– 29) | 31.0† | (27–34) |
Residency: Rural | 15 | 24 | 64 | 39‡ | 22 | 24 |
Mother's education: ≤3rd grade | 26 | 41 | 79 | 48 | 39 | 43 |
Parity: ≥2 | 32 | 51 | 85 | 52 | 85 | 94‡ |
Socioeconomic status: Poor | 37 | 59 | 93 | 57 | 50 | 56 |
Any IPV previous pregnancy:§ Yes | 19 | 30 | 62 | 38 | 27 | 30 |
Emotional IPV previous pregnancy: Yes | 19 | 30 | 62 | 38 | 26 | 29 |
Physical IPV previous pregnancy: Yes | 9 | 14 | 29 | 18 | 9 | 10 |
Sexual IPV previous pregnancy: Yes | 3 | 5 | 12 | 7 | 7 | 8 |
Controlling behaviour by partner previous pregnancy: Yes | 33 | 52 | 96 | 59 | 44 | 49 |
Any IPV at follow-up:§ Yes | 12 | 19 | 61 | 37‡ | 30 | 33 |
Emotional IPV at follow-up: Yes | 11 | 17 | 60 | 36‡ | 27 | 30 |
Physical IPV at follow-up: Yes | 4 | 6 | 30 | 18‡ | 16 | 18‡ |
Sexual IPV at follow-up: Yes | 3 | 5 | 15 | 9 | 10 | 11 |
Controlling behaviour by partner at follow-up: Yes | 24 | 38 | 87 | 53‡ | 49 | 54‡ |
IPV pattern |
Never abused | 29 | 46 | 53 | 32 | 26 | 29‡ |
Ending abuse | 22 | 35 | 50 | 30 | 34 | 38 |
Continued abused | 10 | 16 | 51 | 31‡ | 20 | 22 |
New abuse | 2 | 3 | 10 | 7 | 10 | 11 |