%0 Journal Article %A Samuel Shapiro %T Causation, bias and confounding: a hitchhiker's guide to the epidemiological galaxy. %B Part 3: Principles of causality in epidemiological research: statistical stability, dose- and duration-response effects, internal and external consistency, analogy and biological plausibility %D 2008 %R 10.1783/147118908786000596 %J Journal of Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care %P 261-264 %V 34 %N 4 %U https://srh.bmj.com/content/familyplanning/34/4/261.full.pdf