Factor | Burkina Faso | Kenya | ||||||||||
More effective method* | Less effective method† | More effective method* | Less effective method† | |||||||||
(n=300) | (n=508) | (n=977) | (n=1765) | |||||||||
AOR | 95% CI | AOR | 95% CI | AOR | 95% CI | AOR | 95% CI | |||||
Sociodemographic factors | ||||||||||||
Residence | ||||||||||||
Urban | ref | ref | ref | ref | ||||||||
Rural | 1.22 | 0.34 | 4.32 | 0.89 | 0.24 | 3.34 | 1.19 | 0.73 | 1.94 | 1.13 | 0.64 | 2.01 |
Age (years) | ||||||||||||
25–34 | ref | ref | ref | ref | ||||||||
15–19 | 1.42 | 0.39 | 5.09 | 1.36 | 0.35 | 5.29 | 0.86 | 0.43 | 1.72 | 0.90 | 0.44 | 1.84 |
35–49 | 0.24 | 0.07 | 0.81 | 2.34 | 0.80 | 6.83 | 0.90 | 0.58 | 1.41 | 0.98 | 0.63 | 1.52 |
Education | ||||||||||||
Lower | ref | ref | ref | ref | ||||||||
Higher | 2.37 | 0.82 | 6.83 | 1.76 | 0.53 | 5.93 | 1.16 | 0.72 | 1.87 | 0.75 | 0.50 | 1.13 |
Wealth | ||||||||||||
Low | ref | ref | ref | ref | ||||||||
Middle | 13.18 | 2.02 | 85.85 | 13.4 | 1.83 | 98.25 | 0.65 | 0.40 | 1.05 | 0.94 | 0.57 | 1.54 |
High | 9.65 | 1.83 | 50.78 | 5.25 | 0.80 | 34.49 | 0.74 | 0.42 | 1.31 | 0.85 | 0.47 | 1.53 |
Reproductive health | ||||||||||||
Parity (births) | ||||||||||||
0–1 | ref | ref | ref | ref | ||||||||
2–3 | 3.49 | 0.69 | 17.65 | 5.51 | 0.70 | 43.4 | 0.69 | 0.34 | 1.43 | 0.58 | 0.33 | 1.05 |
4+ | 8.74 | 1.43 | 53.24 | 1.89 | 0.26 | 13.5 | 0.78 | 0.34 | 1.80 | 0.49 | 0.25 | 0.96 |
Emotional response to potential pregnancy | ||||||||||||
Very happy | ref | ref | ref | ref | ||||||||
Happy | 2.63 | 0.49 | 14.14 | 3.10 | 0.43 | 22.3 | 0.89 | 0.4 | 1.96 | 0.84 | 0.37 | 1.91 |
Mixed feelings | 0.39 | 0.08 | 2.00 | 1.48 | 0.25 | 8.76 | 1.30 | 0.71 | 2.37 | 1.09 | 0.55 | 2.19 |
A little unhappy | 0.41 | 0.06 | 2.72 | 2.41 | 0.57 | 10.19 | 0.86 | 0.39 | 1.87 | 0.92 | 0.43 | 1.95 |
Very unhappy | 1.47 | 0.27 | 8.01 | 2.16 | 0.48 | 9.67 | 1.21 | 0.60 | 2.46 | 1.32 | 0.68 | 2.54 |
COVID-19-related factors | ||||||||||||
Household income loss | ||||||||||||
None | ref | ref | ref | ref | ||||||||
Partial | 4.73 | 1.36 | 16.46 | 1.57 | 0.40 | 6.12 | 0.89 | 0.44 | 1.80 | 1.46 | 0.67 | 3.18 |
Complete | 2.42 | 0.44 | 13.18 | 2.81 | 0.59 | 13.40 | 0.90 | 0.46 | 1.74 | 1.01 | 0.48 | 2.12 |
Concern about future loss of income due to COVID-19 | ||||||||||||
No | ref | ref | ref | ref | ||||||||
Yes | 1.87 | 0.54 | 6.50 | 1.50 | 0.32 | 6.95 | 1.15 | 0.43 | 3.13 | 1.26 | 0.50 | 3.14 |
Food insecurity during COVID-19‡ | ||||||||||||
None | ref | ref | ||||||||||
Chronic stable | 0.34 | 0.12 | 0.94 | 1.30 | 0.71 | 2.38 | ||||||
Increased | 0.99 | 0.61 | 1.60 | 0.74 | 0.43 | 1.28 | ||||||
Able to socially distance | ||||||||||||
No | ref | ref | ref | ref | ||||||||
Yes | 2.56 | 0.85 | 7.76 | 2.27 | 0.92 | 5.64 | 1.34 | 0.82 | 2.18 | 1.13 | 0.75 | 1.71 |
Concerned about becoming infected with COVID-19 | ||||||||||||
Concerned | ref | ref | ref | ref | ||||||||
Very concerned | 0.17 | 0.06 | 0.47 | 1.00 | 0.34 | 2.93 | 1.25 | 0.66 | 2.38 | 0.98 | 0.55 | 1.74 |
A little/not concerned | 0.51 | 0.13 | 1.99 | 1.48 | 0.41 | 5.29 | 1.53 | 0.47 | 5.05 | 0.67 | 0.19 | 2.34 |
Multivariate regression adjusted for all other covariates listed and account for the complex survey design. Values in bold type indicate p<0.05.
*Among women not using highly effective contraception at baseline.
†Among women using effective/highly effective contraception at baseline.
‡Sample sizes for food insecurity were too small in Burkina Faso to detect differences among women who used contraception at baseline and follow-up.
AOR, adjusted odds ratio; ;CI, confidence interval; ref, reference.