Table 3

Multivariable logistic regression analysis of the association between socioeconomic status, family attitudes, parent–adolescent communication and early sexual intercourse (n=53 508)

Variable	Early sexual intercourse
	Females				Males
	Model 1	95% CI	Model 2	95% CI	Model 1	95% CI	Model 2	95% CI
	aOR	95% CI	aOR	95% CI	aOR	95% CI	aOR	95% CI
Hometown
Rural	Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref
Suburban	1.32	1.00 to 1.74	1.29	0.97 to 1.70	1.19	0.93 to 1.52	1.19	0.93 to 1.52
Urban	1.87^***	1.42 to 2.45	1.79^***	1.37 to 2.36	1.54^***	1.21 to 1.94	1.49^***	1.17 to 1.88
Maternal educational attainment
Illiterate	Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref
Primary school	0.65^*	0.44 to 0.94	0.65^*	0.44 to 0.94	1.20	0.82 to 1.76	1.20	0.82 to 1.75
Middle or high school	0.91	0.65 to 1.28	0.91	0.65 to 1.27	1.42	0.99 to 2.02	1.38	0.97 to 1.97
College and above	0.86	0.59 to 1.23	0.84	0.58 to 1.21	1.28	0.87 to 1.88	1.20	0.81 to 1.77
Monthly expenditure (USD)
<150	Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref
150–249	1.17	0.81 to 1.67	1.12	0.78 to 1.60	0.95	0.69 to 1.31	0.95	0.69 to 1.31
250–300	2.20^***	1.55 to 3.12	2.05^***	1.44 to 2.91	1.80^***	1.32 to 2.46	1.79^***	1.31 to 2.44
≥300	4.59^***	3.28 to 6.41	4.19^***	3.00 to 5.87	3.88^***	2.90 to 5.20	3.82^***	2.84 to 5.12
Family attitudes towards sex
Closed			Ref				Ref
Neutral			0.59^***	0.49 to 0.72			0.95	0.80 to 1.13
Open			1.11	0.87 to 1.43			1.31^**	1.07 to 1.59
Parent–adolescent communication about sex
Seldom			Ref				Ref
Medium			1.10	0.94 to 1.29			1.13	0.97 to 1.32
Frequent			0.86	0.57 to 1.29			1.3	0.91 to 1.86
Observations (n)	35 204		35 204		18 304		18 304

Model 1: Adjusted for age, region, maternal education and personal expenditure.
Model 2: Model 1 plus adjustment for family attitudes toward sex and parent–adolescent communication about sex.
Dependent variable: presence of early sexual intercourse (1=Yes; 0=No).
*p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001.
aOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; Ref, reference; USD, United States dollars.